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    Class Camera

    Hierarchy

    • PerspectiveCamera
      • Camera
    Index

    Constructors

    Properties

    Accessors

    Methods

    Constructors

    • Parameters

      • fov: number = Camera.FOV
      • near: number = Camera.NEAR
      • far: number = Camera.FAR

      Returns Camera

    Properties

    animations: AnimationClip[]

    Array with object's animation clips.

    []

    aspect: number

    Camera frustum aspect ratio, usually the canvas width / canvas height.

    Expects a Float

    1, (square canvas).

    castShadow: boolean

    Whether the object gets rendered into shadow map.

    false

    children: Object3D<Object3DEventMap>[]

    Array with object's children.

    THREE.Object3DGroup | Group for info on manually grouping objects.

    []

    coordinateSystem: CoordinateSystem
    customDepthMaterial?: Material

    Custom depth material to be used when rendering to the depth map.

    Can only be used in context of meshes. When shadow-casting with a THREE.DirectionalLight | DirectionalLight or THREE.SpotLight | SpotLight, if you are modifying vertex positions in the vertex shader you must specify a customDepthMaterial for proper shadows.

    undefined

    customDistanceMaterial?: Material

    Same as customDepthMaterial, but used with THREE.Object3DPointLight | PointLight.

    undefined

    distance: number = Camera.DISTANCE
    far: number

    Camera frustum far plane.

    Must be greater than the current value of .near plane.

    2000

    filmGauge: number

    Film size used for the larger axis. This parameter does not influence the projection matrix unless .filmOffset is set to a nonzero value.

    Expects a Float

    35, millimeters.

    filmOffset: number

    Horizontal off-center offset in the same unit as .filmGauge.

    Expects a Float

    0

    focus: number

    Object distance used for stereoscopy and depth-of-field effects.

    This parameter does not influence the projection matrix unless a THREE.StereoCamera | StereoCamera is being used.

    10

    fov: number

    Camera frustum vertical field of view, from bottom to top of view, in degrees.

    Expects a Float

    50

    frustumCulled: boolean

    When this is set, it checks every frame if the object is in the frustum of the camera before rendering the object. If set to false the object gets rendered every frame even if it is not in the frustum of the camera.

    true

    id: number

    Unique number for this Object3D instance.

    Note that ids are assigned in chronological order: 1, 2, 3, ..., incrementing by one for each new object. Expects a Integer

    isCamera: true

    Read-only flag to check if a given object is of type Camera.

    This is a constant value

    true

    isObject3D: true

    Flag to check if a given object is of type Object3D.

    This is a constant value

    true

    isPerspectiveCamera: true

    Read-only flag to check if a given object is of type Camera.

    This is a constant value

    true

    layers: Layers

    The Layers | layers that the Camera is a member of.

    Objects must share at least one layer with the Camera to be n when the camera's viewpoint is rendered.

    new THREE.Layers()

    matrix: Matrix4

    The local transform matrix.

    new THREE.Matrix4()

    matrixAutoUpdate: boolean

    When this is set, it calculates the matrix of position, (rotation or quaternion) and scale every frame and also recalculates the matrixWorld property.

    DEFAULT_MATRIX_AUTO_UPDATE - that is (true).

    matrixWorld: Matrix4

    The global transform of the object.

    If the Object3D has no parent, then it's identical to the local transform THREE.Object3D.matrix | .matrix.

    new THREE.Matrix4()

    matrixWorldAutoUpdate: boolean

    If set, then the renderer checks every frame if the object and its children need matrix updates. When it isn't, then you have to maintain all matrices in the object and its children yourself.

    DEFAULT_MATRIX_WORLD_AUTO_UPDATE - that is (true).

    matrixWorldInverse: Matrix4

    This is the inverse of matrixWorld.

    MatrixWorld contains the Matrix which has the world transform of the Camera .

    Matrix4 | new THREE.Matrix4()

    matrixWorldNeedsUpdate: boolean

    When this is set, it calculates the matrixWorld in that frame and resets this property to false.

    false

    modelViewMatrix: Matrix4

    new THREE.Matrix4()

    name: string

    Optional name of the object

    (doesn't need to be unique).

    ""

    near: number

    Camera frustum near plane.

    The valid range is greater than 0 and less than the current value of the .far plane.

    0.1

    normalMatrix: Matrix3

    new THREE.Matrix3()

    parent: Object3D<Object3DEventMap>

    Object's parent in the scene graph.

    An object can have at most one parent.

    null

    position: Vector3

    Object's local position.

    new THREE.Vector3() - that is (0, 0, 0).

    projectionMatrix: Matrix4

    This is the matrix which contains the projection.

    Matrix4 | new THREE.Matrix4()

    projectionMatrixInverse: Matrix4

    This is the inverse of projectionMatrix.

    Matrix4 | new THREE.Matrix4()

    quaternion: Quaternion

    Object's local rotation as a THREE.Quaternion | Quaternion.

    new THREE.Quaternion() - that is (0, 0, 0, 1).

    receiveShadow: boolean

    Whether the material receives shadows.

    false

    renderOrder: number

    This value allows the default rendering order of scene graph objects to be overridden although opaque and transparent objects remain sorted independently.

    When this property is set for an instance of Group | Group, all descendants objects will be sorted and rendered together. Sorting is from lowest to highest renderOrder.

    0

    rotation: Euler

    Object's local rotation (Euler angles), in radians.

    new THREE.Euler() - that is (0, 0, 0, Euler.DEFAULT_ORDER).

    scale: Vector3

    The object's local scale.

    new THREE.Vector3( 1, 1, 1 )

    target?: Billboard
    type: string

    PerspectiveCamera

    up: Vector3

    This is used by the lookAt method, for example, to determine the orientation of the result.

    Object3D.DEFAULT_UP - that is (0, 1, 0).

    userData: Record<string, any>

    An object that can be used to store custom data about the Object3D.

    It should not hold references to functions as these will not be cloned.

    {}

    uuid: string

    UUID of this object instance.

    This gets automatically assigned and shouldn't be edited.

    view: {
        enabled: boolean;
        fullHeight: number;
        fullWidth: number;
        height: number;
        offsetX: number;
        offsetY: number;
        width: number;
    }

    Frustum window specification or null. This is set using the .setViewOffset method and cleared using .clearViewOffset.

    null

    viewport?: Vector4
    visible: boolean

    Object gets rendered if true.

    true

    zoom: number

    Gets or sets the zoom factor of the camera.

    1

    DEFAULT_MATRIX_AUTO_UPDATE: boolean

    The default setting for matrixAutoUpdate for newly created Object3Ds.

    true

    DEFAULT_MATRIX_WORLD_AUTO_UPDATE: boolean

    The default setting for matrixWorldAutoUpdate for newly created Object3Ds.

    true

    DEFAULT_UP: Vector3

    The default up direction for objects, also used as the default position for THREE.DirectionalLight | DirectionalLight, THREE.HemisphereLight | HemisphereLight and THREE.Spotlight | Spotlight (which creates lights shining from the top down).

    new THREE.Vector3( 0, 1, 0)

    DISTANCE: 1.5
    FAR: 16 | 32 = ...
    FOV: 85
    HEIGHT: 0.75
    LERP_RATIO: 0.0033
    lookAtVector: Vector3 = ...
    NEAR: 0.1
    targetVector: Vector3 = ...
    tempQuaternion: Quaternion = ...

    Accessors

    • get reversedDepth(): boolean

      The flag that indicates whether the camera uses a reversed depth buffer.

      Returns boolean

      false
      

    Methods

    • Adds another Object3D as child of this Object3D.

      Parameters

      • ...object: Object3D<Object3DEventMap>[]

      Returns this

      An arbitrary number of objects may be added Any current parent on an object passed in here will be removed, since an Object3D can have at most one parent.

      • attach
      • THREE.Group | Group for info on manually grouping objects.
    • Adds a listener to an event type.

      Type Parameters

      • T extends keyof Object3DEventMap

      Parameters

      • type: T

        The type of event to listen to.

      • listener: EventListener<Object3DEventMap[T], T, Camera>

        The function that gets called when the event is fired.

      Returns void

    • Applies the matrix transform to the object and updates the object's position, rotation and scale.

      Parameters

      • matrix: Matrix4

      Returns void

    • Applies the rotation represented by the quaternion to the object.

      Parameters

      • quaternion: Quaternion

      Returns this

    • Adds a Object3D as a child of this, while maintaining the object's world transform.

      Parameters

      • object: Object3D

      Returns this

      Note: This method does not support scene graphs having non-uniformly-scaled nodes(s).

      add

    • Removes all child objects.

      Returns this

    • Removes any offset set by the .setViewOffset method.

      Returns void

    • Returns a clone of this object and optionally all descendants.

      Parameters

      • Optionalrecursive: boolean

        If true, descendants of the object are also cloned. Default true

      Returns this

    • Copies the given object into this object.

      Parameters

      • object: Object3D
      • Optionalrecursive: boolean

        If set to true, descendants of the object are copied next to the existing ones. If set to false, descendants are left unchanged. Default is true.

      Returns this

      Event listeners and user-defined callbacks (.onAfterRender and .onBeforeRender) are not copied.

    • Fire an event type.

      Type Parameters

      • T extends keyof Object3DEventMap

      Parameters

      • event: BaseEvent<T> & Object3DEventMap[T]

        The event that gets fired.

      Returns void

    • Parameters

      • __namedParameters: { angle?: number; x?: number; y?: number } = {}
      • height: number = 0

      Returns { height: number; x: number; y: number }

    • Returns the current vertical field of view angle in degrees considering .zoom.

      Returns number

    • Returns the height of the image on the film

      Returns number

      If .aspect. is less than or equal to one (portrait format), the result equals .filmGauge.

    • Returns the width of the image on the film

      Returns number

      If .aspect. is greater than or equal to one (landscape format), the result equals .filmGauge.

    • Parameters

      • _x: number
      • _y: number

      Returns number

    • Returns the focal length of the current .fov | fov in respect to .filmGauge.

      Returns number

    • Searches through an object and its children, starting with the object itself, and returns the first with a matching id.

      Parameters

      • id: number

        Unique number of the object instance. Expects a Integer

      Returns Object3D<Object3DEventMap>

      Note that ids are assigned in chronological order: 1, 2, 3, ..., incrementing by one for each new object.

      id

    • Searches through an object and its children, starting with the object itself, and returns the first with a matching name.

      Parameters

      • name: string

        String to match to the children's Object3D.name property.

      Returns Object3D<Object3DEventMap>

      Note that for most objects the name is an empty string by default You will have to set it manually to make use of this method.

    • Searches through an object and its children, starting with the object itself, and returns the first with a property that matches the value given.

      Parameters

      • name: string

        the property name to search for.

      • value: any

        value of the given property.

      Returns Object3D<Object3DEventMap>

    • Searches through an object and its children, starting with the object itself, and returns the first with a property that matches the value given.

      Parameters

      • name: string

        The property name to search for.

      • value: any

        Value of the given property.

      • OptionaloptionalTarget: Object3D<Object3DEventMap>[]

        target to set the result. Otherwise a new Array is instantiated. If set, you must clear this array prior to each call (i.e., array.length = 0;).

      Returns Object3D<Object3DEventMap>[]

    • Parameters

      • target: Object3D

      Returns { x: number; y: number }

    • Returns { lookAt: Vector3; position: Vector3; quaternion: Quaternion }

    • Computes the 2D bounds of the camera's viewable rectangle at a given distance along the viewing direction. Sets minTarget and maxTarget to the coordinates of the lower-left and upper-right corners of the view rectangle.

      Parameters

      • distance: number
      • minTarget: Vector2
      • maxTarget: Vector2

      Returns void

    • Computes the width and height of the camera's viewable rectangle at a given distance along the viewing direction. Copies the result into the target Vector2, where x is width and y is height.

      Parameters

      • distance: number
      • target: Vector2

      Returns Vector2

    • Returns a Vector3 | Vector3 representing the world space direction in which the Camera is looking.

      Parameters

      • target: Vector3

        The result will be copied into this Vector3.

      Returns Vector3

      Note: A Camera looks down its local, negative z-axis.

    • Returns a vector representing the position of the object in world space.

      Parameters

      • target: Vector3

        The result will be copied into this Vector3.

      Returns Vector3

    • Returns a quaternion representing the rotation of the object in world space.

      Parameters

      • target: Quaternion

        The result will be copied into this Quaternion.

      Returns Quaternion

    • Returns a vector of the scaling factors applied to the object for each axis in world space.

      Parameters

      • target: Vector3

        The result will be copied into this Vector3.

      Returns Vector3

    • Checks if listener is added to an event type.

      Type Parameters

      • T extends keyof Object3DEventMap

      Parameters

      • type: T

        The type of event to listen to.

      • listener: EventListener<Object3DEventMap[T], T, Camera>

        The function that gets called when the event is fired.

      Returns boolean

    • Converts the vector from this object's local space to world space.

      Parameters

      • vector: Vector3

        A vector representing a position in this object's local space.

      Returns Vector3

    • Rotates the object to face a point in world space.

      Parameters

      • vector: Vector3

        A vector representing a position in world space to look at.

      Returns void

      This method does not support objects having non-uniformly-scaled parent(s).

    • Rotates the object to face a point in world space.

      Parameters

      • x: number

        Expects a Float

      • y: number

        Expects a Float

      • z: number

        Expects a Float

      Returns void

      This method does not support objects having non-uniformly-scaled parent(s).

    • An optional callback that is executed immediately after a 3D object is rendered.

      Parameters

      • renderer: WebGLRenderer
      • scene: Scene
      • camera: Camera
      • geometry: BufferGeometry
      • material: Material
      • group: Group

      Returns void

      This function is called with the following parameters: renderer, scene, camera, geometry, material, group. Please notice that this callback is only executed for renderable 3D objects. Meaning 3D objects which define their visual appearance with geometries and materials like instances of Mesh, Line, Points or Sprite. Instances of Object3D, Group or Bone are not renderable and thus this callback is not executed for such objects.

    • An optional callback that is executed immediately after a 3D object is rendered to a shadow map.

      Parameters

      • renderer: WebGLRenderer
      • scene: Scene
      • camera: Camera
      • shadowCamera: Camera
      • geometry: BufferGeometry
      • depthMaterial: Material
      • group: Group

      Returns void

      This function is called with the following parameters: renderer, scene, camera, shadowCamera, geometry, depthMaterial, group. Please notice that this callback is only executed for renderable 3D objects. Meaning 3D objects which define their visual appearance with geometries and materials like instances of Mesh, Line, Points or Sprite. Instances of Object3D, Group or Bone are not renderable and thus this callback is not executed for such objects.

    • An optional callback that is executed immediately before a 3D object is rendered.

      Parameters

      • renderer: WebGLRenderer
      • scene: Scene
      • camera: Camera
      • geometry: BufferGeometry
      • material: Material
      • group: Group

      Returns void

      This function is called with the following parameters: renderer, scene, camera, geometry, material, group. Please notice that this callback is only executed for renderable 3D objects. Meaning 3D objects which define their visual appearance with geometries and materials like instances of Mesh, Line, Points or Sprite. Instances of Object3D, Group or Bone are not renderable and thus this callback is not executed for such objects.

    • An optional callback that is executed immediately before a 3D object is rendered to a shadow map.

      Parameters

      • renderer: WebGLRenderer
      • scene: Scene
      • camera: Camera
      • shadowCamera: Camera
      • geometry: BufferGeometry
      • depthMaterial: Material
      • group: Group

      Returns void

      This function is called with the following parameters: renderer, scene, camera, shadowCamera, geometry, depthMaterial, group. Please notice that this callback is only executed for renderable 3D objects. Meaning 3D objects which define their visual appearance with geometries and materials like instances of Mesh, Line, Points or Sprite. Instances of Object3D, Group or Bone are not renderable and thus this callback is not executed for such objects.

    • Parameters

      • width: number
      • height: number

      Returns void

    • Abstract (empty) method to get intersections between a casted ray and this object

      Parameters

      • raycaster: Raycaster
      • intersects: Intersection<Object3D<Object3DEventMap>>[]

      Returns void

      Subclasses such as THREE.Mesh | Mesh, THREE.Line | Line, and THREE.Points | Points implement this method in order to use raycasting.

      THREE.Raycaster | Raycaster

      () => {}

    • Removes a Object3D as child of this Object3D.

      Parameters

      • ...object: Object3D<Object3DEventMap>[]

      Returns this

      An arbitrary number of objects may be removed.

      THREE.Group | Group for info on manually grouping objects.

    • Removes a listener from an event type.

      Type Parameters

      • T extends keyof Object3DEventMap

      Parameters

      • type: T

        The type of the listener that gets removed.

      • listener: EventListener<Object3DEventMap[T], T, Camera>

        The listener function that gets removed.

      Returns void

    • Removes this object from its current parent.

      Returns this

    • Rotate an object along an axis in object space.

      Parameters

      • axis: Vector3

        A normalized vector in object space.

      • angle: number

        The angle in radians. Expects a Float

      Returns this

      The axis is assumed to be normalized.

    • Rotate an object along an axis in world space.

      Parameters

      • axis: Vector3

        A normalized vector in world space.

      • angle: number

        The angle in radians. Expects a Float

      Returns this

      The axis is assumed to be normalized Method Assumes no rotated parent.

    • Rotates the object around x axis in local space.

      Parameters

      • angle: number

      Returns this

    • Rotates the object around y axis in local space.

      Parameters

      • angle: number

      Returns this

    • Rotates the object around z axis in local space.

      Parameters

      • angle: number

      Returns this

    • Sets the FOV by focal length in respect to the current .filmGauge.

      Parameters

      • focalLength: number

        Expects a Float

      Returns void

      By default, the focal length is specified for a 35mm (full frame) camera.

    • Parameters

      • focalLength: number
      • OptionalframeHeight: number

      Returns void

      Use .setFocalLength() and .filmGauge instead.

    • Calls THREE.Quaternion.setFromAxisAngle | setFromAxisAngle(axis, angle) on the .quaternion.

      Parameters

      • axis: Vector3

        A normalized vector in object space.

      • angle: number

        Angle in radians. Expects a Float

      Returns void

    • Calls THREE.Quaternion.setFromEuler | setFromEuler(euler) on the .quaternion.

      Parameters

      • euler: Euler

        Euler angle specifying rotation amount.

      Returns void

    • Calls THREE.Quaternion.setFromRotationMatrix | setFromRotationMatrix(m) on the .quaternion.

      Parameters

      • m: Matrix4

        Rotate the quaternion by the rotation component of the matrix.

      Returns void

      Note that this assumes that the upper 3x3 of m is a pure rotation matrix (i.e, unscaled).

    • Copy the given THREE.Quaternion | Quaternion into .quaternion.

      Parameters

      • q: Quaternion

        Normalized Quaternion.

      Returns void

    • Sets an offset in a larger frustum.

      Parameters

      • fullWidth: number

        Full width of multiview setup Expects a Float.

      • fullHeight: number

        Full height of multiview setup Expects a Float.

      • x: number

        Horizontal offset of subcamera Expects a Float.

      • y: number

        Vertical offset of subcamera Expects a Float.

      • width: number

        Width of subcamera Expects a Float.

      • height: number

        Height of subcamera Expects a Float.

      Returns void

      This is useful for multi-window or multi-monitor/multi-machine setups.

      For example, if you have 3x2 monitors and each monitor is 1920x1080 and the monitors are in grid like this

      ┌───┬───┬───┐
      ABC
      ├───┼───┼───┤
      DEF
      └───┴───┴───┘

      then for each monitor you would call it like this

        const w = 1920;
      const h = 1080;
      const fullWidth = w * 3;
      const fullHeight = h * 2;

      // Monitor - A
      camera.setViewOffset( fullWidth, fullHeight, w * 0, h * 0, w, h );
      // Monitor - B
      camera.setViewOffset( fullWidth, fullHeight, w * 1, h * 0, w, h );
      // Monitor - C
      camera.setViewOffset( fullWidth, fullHeight, w * 2, h * 0, w, h );
      // Monitor - D
      camera.setViewOffset( fullWidth, fullHeight, w * 0, h * 1, w, h );
      // Monitor - E
      camera.setViewOffset( fullWidth, fullHeight, w * 1, h * 1, w, h );
      // Monitor - F
      camera.setViewOffset( fullWidth, fullHeight, w * 2, h * 1, w, h );

      Note there is no reason monitors have to be the same size or in a grid.

    • Convert the object to three.js JSON Object/Scene format.

      Parameters

      • Optionalmeta: JSONMeta

        Object containing metadata such as materials, textures or images for the object.

      Returns PerspectiveCameraJSON

    • Translate an object by distance along an axis in object space

      Parameters

      • axis: Vector3

        A normalized vector in object space.

      • distance: number

        The distance to translate. Expects a Float

      Returns this

      The axis is assumed to be normalized.

    • Translates object along x axis in object space by distance units.

      Parameters

      • distance: number

        Expects a Float

      Returns this

    • Translates object along y axis in object space by distance units.

      Parameters

      • distance: number

        Expects a Float

      Returns this

    • Translates object along z axis in object space by distance units.

      Parameters

      • distance: number

        Expects a Float

      Returns this

    • Executes the callback on this object and all descendants.

      Parameters

      • callback: (object: Object3D) => any

        A function with as first argument an Object3D object.

      Returns void

      Note: Modifying the scene graph inside the callback is discouraged.

    • Executes the callback on all ancestors.

      Parameters

      • callback: (object: Object3D) => any

        A function with as first argument an Object3D object.

      Returns void

      Note: Modifying the scene graph inside the callback is discouraged.

    • Like traverse, but the callback will only be executed for visible objects

      Parameters

      • callback: (object: Object3D) => any

        A function with as first argument an Object3D object.

      Returns void

      Descendants of invisible objects are not traversed. Note: Modifying the scene graph inside the callback is discouraged.

    • Updates local transform.

      Returns void

    • Updates the global transform of the object. And will update the object descendants if .matrixWorldNeedsUpdate is set to true or if the force parameter is set to true.

      Parameters

      • Optionalforce: boolean

        A boolean that can be used to bypass .matrixWorldAutoUpdate, to recalculate the world matrix of the object and descendants on the current frame. Useful if you cannot wait for the renderer to update it on the next frame, assuming .matrixWorldAutoUpdate set to true.

      Returns void

    • Updates the camera projection matrix

      Returns void

      Must be called after any change of parameters.

    • Updates the global transform of the object.

      Parameters

      • updateParents: boolean

        Recursively updates global transform of ancestors.

      • updateChildren: boolean

        Recursively updates global transform of descendants.

      Returns void

    • Converts the vector from world space to this object's local space.

      Parameters

      • vector: Vector3

        A vector representing a position in world space.

      Returns Vector3